No cap, anywhere, including medical malpractice
Hawaii imposes no statutory percentage cap on contingency fees in any type of personal injury case. Under Hawaii Rule of Professional Conduct 1.5(d), the agreement must simply be in writing, signed by the client, and reasonable. 33% to 40% is a commonly used range.
Several attempts to add a cap, none successful
This wasn't for lack of trying: between 2008 and 2010, Hawaii lawmakers introduced several bills — part of a broader package addressing medical malpractice insurance costs — that would have added a tiered statutory limit on contingency fees in medical tort cases, alongside a cap on non-economic damages. None of these attorney-fee provisions were enacted. Hawaii's existing non-economic damages cap (HRS § 663-8.7) passed; the proposed fee cap never did.
What else comes out before you do
Case costs — expenses the attorney typically advances during litigation, like expert witness fees, filing fees, and the cost of gathering medical records — are generally reimbursed from the settlement. If Medicare, Medicaid, or a private health insurer has an outstanding lien for medical treatment related to the injury, that amount is also repaid before you receive your net share.