Missouri Probate Deadlines: What to File and When

Every hard, statutory date in a Missouri probate — including the one date the family can't move even by agreement.

RSMo Chapter 473

Quick answer: the deadline that matters most upfront is applying for letters within one year of death — a date that can't be extended by agreement. Once administration opens, the six-month creditor window under RSMo § 473.360 sets the pace, with claims absolutely barred one year after death regardless. See the full Missouri probate timeline calculator for your specific estimate.

The core deadlines, in order

DeadlineMissouri ruleStatute
Apply for lettersWithin 1 year of death, cannot be extended by agreementRSMo 473.050, 473.070
Publish notice of lettersOnce/week for 4 consecutive weeksRSMo 473.033
File inventoryWithin 30 days of letters (unless extended)RSMo 473.233
Creditor claim window6 months from first publication, or 2 months from mailed notice, whichever laterRSMo 473.360
PR need not pay claims before6 months from first publicationRSMo 473.433
Absolute claim bar1 year from date of death, no exceptionsRSMo 473.444
Earliest independent-admin closing filing6 months and 10 days after first publicationRSMo 473.843

Why the one-year letters deadline is the highest-stakes date

RSMo § 473.050, § 473.070: a will cannot be admitted to probate, and administration generally cannot be granted, unless application is made within one year of the decedent's date of death. Unlike most other Missouri probate deadlines, this one isn't extended by agreement among the family — missing it typically forecloses full administration entirely and pushes the family toward alternate procedures instead.

A creditor-friendly "whichever is later" rule

Missouri's creditor claim rule under RSMo § 473.360 is notably protective of creditors who received direct mailed notice: rather than capping their claim period at a fixed number of months regardless, the statute gives them the later of six months from first publication or two months from when notice was mailed or served. A creditor notified late in the six-month window still gets a genuine two months to respond.

Facing probate in Missouri?

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Missouri probate deadlines — frequently asked questions

How long does someone have to apply for letters in Missouri?

One year from the date of death, under RSMo § 473.050 and § 473.070. This is described as the single highest-consequence date in Missouri probate, and it cannot be extended by agreement among the family — missing it generally takes full administration off the table.

How long do Missouri creditors have to file a claim?

Six months from the date of first published notice of letters, or two months after notice was mailed or served on a particular creditor, whichever is later, under RSMo § 473.360.

Can a Missouri personal representative be forced to pay claims early?

No. Under RSMo § 473.433, the personal representative cannot be compelled to pay any claim before six months after the date of first publication of letters, giving the estate a built-in period to identify and evaluate every claim before distributing.

Is there an absolute outer limit on Missouri probate claims?

Yes. Under RSMo § 473.444, all claims are forever barred one year after the decedent's death, regardless of publication, notice, or any other circumstance — neither the six-month window nor any extension can push past this date.

Estimate for general guidance only, not legal advice. Based on RSMo 473.033, 473.050, 473.070, 473.233, 473.360, 473.433, 473.444. Confirm current deadlines with the county Probate Division or a licensed Missouri attorney.