Alaska and the 13 Pure Comparative Negligence States

Thirteen states, Alaska among them, share a rule that nearly every other state qualifies with a cutoff. Here's the full list, and what actually unites them.

A real but minority approach

Most US states use some form of modified comparative negligence — one that bars recovery once a claimant's own fault crosses a 50% or 51% threshold. Pure comparative negligence, the rule Alaska follows, takes that threshold away entirely. Thirteen states share this approach: Alaska, Arizona, California, Florida, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, New Mexico, New York, Rhode Island, South Dakota, and Washington.

A mix of large and small states

This group is a genuinely varied mix — it includes some of the most populous states in the country, like California, New York, and Florida, right alongside much smaller states like Alaska and Rhode Island. Pure comparative negligence isn't tied to any particular region or state size; it's simply the fault-allocation approach each of these states, through their own courts or legislatures, chose to adopt.

Not every state arrived at the rule the same way

The core principle is shared across all thirteen states — a claimant's own fault reduces recovery proportionally but never bars it — but how each state got there differs. Alaska's version came from its own Supreme Court first, in Kaatz v. State (1975), with the legislature only codifying the same rule by statute roughly a decade later. Other states in this group reached the same destination directly through legislation instead. South Dakota is a genuine outlier within the group: rather than a straightforward percentage-based pure comparative system, it applies its own "slight versus gross" negligence framework, a related but distinct variant of the same general concept.

The contrast worth understanding

At the opposite end of the spectrum sit the five contributory negligence jurisdictions — Alabama, Maryland, North Carolina, Virginia, and the District of Columbia — where any fault at all on a claimant's part can bar recovery completely. A claimant with identical facts and an identical degree of fault could recover a substantial portion of their damages in Alaska and recover nothing at all in one of those five jurisdictions. See our guide to how Alaska's rule compares to the other three fault systems for the fuller picture.

Why this matters in a disputed claim

Because none of these thirteen states has a threshold that can eliminate a claim over fault alone, a disputed fault percentage in Alaska changes the size of the recovery, but it never becomes the entire case the way it would in a modified comparative or contributory negligence jurisdiction. That doesn't make the fault question unimportant — it still directly affects how much a claimant ultimately recovers — but the stakes of losing that particular argument are meaningfully lower here than almost anywhere else in the country.

Pure comparative negligence states — frequently asked questions

Which states use pure comparative negligence?

Alaska, Arizona, California, Florida, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, New Mexico, New York, Rhode Island, South Dakota, and Washington — thirteen states in total, though South Dakota applies its own modified version of the concept.

Is pure comparative negligence the most common fault system nationally?

No. It's a real but minority approach — most US states instead use some form of modified comparative negligence, with a 50% or 51% fault threshold that can bar recovery.

Do all 13 pure comparative negligence states apply the rule identically?

The core principle is shared, but the source of the rule differs — some states adopted it by statute, others, like Alaska, established it first through a state supreme court decision. South Dakota applies a distinct slight-versus-gross negligence variant.

Why does it matter that Alaska is in this group of states?

Because a disputed fault percentage never eliminates an Alaska claim outright, unlike in a modified comparative or contributory negligence state, where the same dispute could end the case entirely.

Are large, high-population states also in this group?

Yes. California, New York, and Florida are among the largest states by population that also use pure comparative negligence, alongside smaller states like Alaska and Rhode Island.

This page provides general guidance only and is not legal advice. Figures are based on general US negligence law and Alaska case law, verified per our methodology. Confirm how these rules apply to a specific claim with a licensed attorney in the relevant state before acting.